Based on the cognitive model, CBT is a psychotherapy approach that recognizes that an individual’s reactions, either emotionally or behaviorally, are a result of how they perceive a given situation. One important part of CBT therapy is helping clients notice their automatic thoughts in order to change their unhelpful thinking and behavior. Once clients become aware of their automatic thoughts and how those thoughts lead to negative emotions and behavior, they can begin to experience lasting improvements in their mood and functioning (Beck, 2016).

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CBT is outlined as follows:

• Is based on the cognitive model where thoughts effect feelings and behavior.

• Is briefer and time-limited.


• A sound therapeutic relationship is necessary for effective therapy, but not the focus.


• Is a collaborative effort between the therapist and the client.


• Uses the Socratic Method which means a CBT therapist will ask a lot of questions.

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Is structured and directive, where CBT therapists, along with the client, will establish an agenda and work towards meeting the goals established in the agenda.

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Is based on an educational model where the client and therapist work toward unlearning unwanted thoughts and behaviors.


• Theory and techniques rely on the Inductive Method where a client and therapist challenge thoughts using worksheets and homework in order to learn new ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.